石油钻探自锁式钻具倒扣装置的研制

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9803.2023.03.016

录井工程 ›› 2023, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 102-106.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9803.2023.03.016

石油钻探自锁式钻具倒扣装置的研制

张耀先^①, 李开荣^②, 张鹏翔^①, 刘瑾^③, 杜聪^④

①中国石油西部钻探吐哈钻井公司;
②中国石油西部钻探地质研究院（录井工程分公司）;
③中国石油西部钻探玉门钻井公司;
④中国石油西部钻探井下作业公司

收稿日期:2023-07-26 出版日期:2023-09-25 发布日期:2023-10-10
作者简介:张耀先中国石油集团公司级技能专家,1965 年生,1988 年毕业于中央农业广播电视学校畜牧专业,现在中国石油西部钻探吐哈钻井公司技术保障中心工作。通信地址：838200 新疆维吾尔自治区吐鲁番市鄯善县新城路805 号。电话：15909950662。E-mail：3176675916@qq.com

Development of self-locking drill tool back-off assembly for petroleum drilling

ZHANG Yaoxian^①, LI Kairong^②, ZHANG Pengxiang^①, LIU Jin^③, DU Cong^④

①XDEC Tuha Drilling Company of CNPC, Turpan, Xinjiang 838200,China;
②XDEC Geological Research Institute （MudLogging Branch Company） of CNPC, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000,China;
③XDEC Yumen Drilling Company of CNPC, Jiuquan, Gansu 735000,China;
④XDEC Downhole Service Company of CNPC, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000,China

Received:2023-07-26 Online:2023-09-25 Published:2023-10-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 卡钻是钻井工程中常见也是危害严重的井下事故,当卡钻无法解除时只能通过倒扣方式将卡点以上钻具起出,如何做到快速有效的倒扣,是国内外钻井工程至今未能完全解决的技术难题,目前没有专用的倒扣装置,一般采用原钻具直接倒扣和爆炸松扣来完成,但爆炸松扣单次费用昂贵,同时还存在安全风险。采用基于TRIZ创新理论的机械系统替代原理、SIT功能合并及嵌套技术,研制出石油钻探自锁式钻具倒扣装置,与外径较大的钻具联结,当卡钻发生后,将倒扣堵球从井口钻具内投入,利用泵压推动堵球并带动花键套向下移动,解锁反扣装置,通过地面反转钻具,实现快速倒扣作业,缩短了卡钻处理周期,消除了爆炸松扣所带来的安全隐患,节约了生产的直接成本,为优快钻井提供技术保障,具有较好的推广应用前景。

关键词: 钻具, 自锁式卡钻, 爆炸松扣, 随钻倒扣, 花键套, 直接倒扣, 测卡点

Abstract: Sticking of drill tools is a common and serious downhole accident in drilling engineering. When sticking of drill tools cannot be released, the drill tools above the stuck point can only be pulled out by reversing. How to achieve fast and effective back-off is a technical problem that has not been fully solved in drilling engineering at home and abroad. There is currently no dedicated back-off assembly available, generally, the original drill tools are directly reversed and breakouting by explosion to complete, the cost for single breakouting by explosion is high with safety risks. Using mechanics substitution principle based on TRIZ innovation theory and SIT function merging and nesting technology, a self-locking drill tool back-off assembly for petroleum drilling has been developed, which is connected with the larger outer diameter drill tool. When sticking of drill tools occurs, put the back-off blocking ball from the wellhead drill tool, use the pump pressure to push the blocking ball and drive the spline sleeve to move down, and unlock the left-hand device. By reversing the drill tools on the ground, rapid back-off operation is achieved, shortening the processing cycle of sticking of drill tools, eliminating the safety hazards caused by breakouting by explosion, saving the direct cost of production, providing technical support for optimal and fast drilling, and having good application prospect.

Key words: drill tool, self-locking, sticking of drill tools, breakouting by explosion, reversing while drilling, spline sleeve, direct back-off, measuring stuck-point

中图分类号:

TE132.1

张耀先, 李开荣, 张鹏翔, 刘瑾, 杜聪. 石油钻探自锁式钻具倒扣装置的研制[J]. 录井工程, 2023, 34(3): 102-106.

ZHANG Yaoxian, LI Kairong, ZHANG Pengxiang, LIU Jin, DU Cong. Development of self-locking drill tool back-off assembly for petroleum drilling[J]. Mud Logging Engineering, 2023, 34(3): 102-106.

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石油钻探自锁式钻具倒扣装置的研制

Development of self-locking drill tool back-off assembly for petroleum drilling

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