地震拓频技术在苏X区块含煤致密砂岩储层预测中的应用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9803.2024.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 苏X区块目的层是典型的低孔、低渗、非均质性强的储层,并且其地表为沙漠、草地环境,储层内煤层发育,这些因素均对地震信号产生严重屏蔽作用,导致地震资料分辨率低、信噪比低、砂体地震响应特征不明显,从而增加了储层预测的难度。针对这些问题,对三维地震数据分步骤进行处理：首先采用子波分解技术去除煤层的屏蔽效应;然后采用时变分频反褶积技术进行拓频处理,提高地震数据分辨率;最后采用Alpha滤波去噪技术提高地震资料信噪比。通过三步数据处理后,地震资料的品质得到提升,地震信息更加丰富,地震属性更为精细,地震反射层位的地质意义更加明确,使得储层预测结果更为精准。应用效果表明,地震拓频技术适用于含煤致密砂岩储层的精细预测。

关键词: 地震资料, 拓频技术, 致密砂岩, 子波分解, 时变分频反褶积, Alpha滤波, 储层预测

Abstract: The reservoir of Su X block is characterized by typical low porosity, low permeability and strong heterogeneity, and the surface is desert and grassland environment. The coal seam is developed and the shielding effect of coal seam is serious, which leads to low resolution of seismic data, low signal-to-noise ratio and no obvious seismic response characteristics of sand body, thus increasing the difficulty of reservoir prediction. To solve these problems, the three-dimensional seismic data are processed step by step. Firstly, the wavelet decomposition technique is used to remove the shielding effect of coal seam. Then, the time-varying frequency division deconvolution technique is used to improve the resolution of seismic data. Finally, Alpha filtering denoising technology is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data. After three-step calculation, the quality of seismic data is improved, the seismic information is richer, the seismic attributes are finer, the geological significance of seismic reflection layer is clearer, and the prediction results are more accurate. The application results show that the seismic frequency extension technology is suitable for the prediction of tight sandstone reservoirs with coal seams.

Key words: seismic data, frequency extension technology, tight sandstone, wavelet decomposition, time-varying frequency division deconvolution, Alpha filter wave, reservoir prediction

中图分类号:

TE132.1

孙颖, 姚俊成, 李国良, 房金伟, 南雪芬, 孙皓. 地震拓频技术在苏X区块含煤致密砂岩储层预测中的应用[J]. 录井工程, 2024, 35(1): 33-39.

SUN Ying, YAO Juncheng, LI Guoliang, FANG Jinwei, NAN Xuefen, SUN Hao. Application of seismic frequency extension technology in the prediction of tight sandstone reservoir with coal seam in Su X block[J]. Mud Logging Engineering, 2024, 35(1): 33-39.

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